教学建议Lesson 3
教学建议
Lesson 3词语辨析:
1.polonium is used to set off a nuclear bomb.钋用来引爆核弹。
(1)本句中set off 意思是使……爆炸,及物性短浯动词:e.g.
They set off the fireworks as soon as it got dark.天一黑他们就放焰火(烟花)。
(2)set off 还可指出发,动身,不及物性短语动词。e.g.
They set off in search of the lost child.他们出发去寻找那个丢失的孩子。
(3)set off 还可意为引起,触发,及物性短语动词。e.g.
①That strike set off a series of strikes throughout the country.那次罢工引发了全国一系列的罢工。
②A letter from home set off an attack of homesickness.一封家书触发了他的思乡病的发作。
(4)set off 还可指使某人突然产生某种活动,其后往往接v.-ing,即set s.b.off doing sth.e.g.
Whatever you say will set her off crying.不管你说什么都会使她哭泣。
(5)set off还可指衬托,使更明显。e.g.
This gold frame sets off your painting well.这金色的框架把你的画衬托得非常好看。
搭配辨析set off 与setout,set about
(1)set out也可意为出发,动身,用法与set off同,不及物性短语动词。e.g.
They set out/off on a sightseeing tour.他们动身出去观光旅行。
(2)set out还可指开始着手,做某事,后接动词不定式。e.g.
We set out to paint the whole house but finished only the front part.我们为油漆整座房子开始干起来,但只完成了前面部分。
(3)set out可指陈列,摆出,安排,及物性短语动词。e.g.
①Set out the chairs for the meeting in rows of ten.摆好开会的坐椅,每排十张。
②The meal was set out on a long table.饭菜摆在一张长桌子上。
(4)set out还可指表明,陈述,阐述(事实、理由等)。e.g.
The reasons for my decision are set out in my report.我作出决定的理由在我的报告中作了阐述。
(5)set about意为开始做或处理,着手,其后接名词或v.-ing,即set about + sth./doing sth.e.g.
① The sooner we set about it the sooner well finish.我们越早开始就可以越早完成这件工作。
②We set about cleaning up mess.我们开始把乱七八糟的东西打扫干净。
(6)set about还可指攻击,及物性短语动词。e.g.
Our dog set about the postman.我们的狗追着要咬邮递员。
语法教学:
复习定语从句
定语从句分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句。
1) 限定性定语从句:限定性定语从句对所修饰的先行词起限定作用。 限定性定语从句中关系词的使用列表如下:
在句中的作用关系词说明
主语 关系代词:who/that(指人) which/that(指物 关系代词不能省略
宾语 who/whom/that(指人)
which/that(指物) 关系代词在非正式
文体中可以省略
定语 whose 名词前表所有关系
介词+关系代词 whom(指人) which(指物) 关系代词不能用who或that
whose(定语) 名词前表所有关系
状语 关系副词:when(时间) where(地点)why(原因) 先行词为表时间、
地点等的名词
例:
①Anna was an American writer who/that interviewed Mao Ze dong in Yaan.(指人作主语)
安娜是一位当年曾在延安采访毛泽东的美国作家。
②The friends whom/who/that we met in the park were from Egypt.(指人作宾语)
我们在公园里遇见的朋友来自埃及。
③A taxi is a car (that/which)you can hire.(指物作宾语) 出租车是你可以租用的小汽车。
④Many forests where the animals lived were destroyed.(作状语)
动物栖息生活的许多森林遭到破坏。
⑤We ought to help those families whose men are in the army.(作定语)
我们应该帮助那些男人在部队的家庭。
⑥He looked at the box from which the voice came.(介词+关系代词)
他看着那只传出声音的方箱子。
2)非限定性定语从句:非限定性.定语从句对所修饰的先行词(句子)起补充说明的作用,不起限定作用。从句中使用关系代词who,whom,which,whose和关系副词when,where等,不使用关系代词that,作宾语的whom不能用who代替。
例:They visited the city of Hangzhou,which is famous for its beautiful scene.他们参观了杭州城,它以风景秀丽而闻名。
非限定性从句中关系词指代整个句子时,用关系代词which。试比较:
①Big floods hit some parts of China in the summer of 1998,which caused a great damage to the country.1998年夏中国部分地区遭受特大洪灾,给国家带来了巨大损失。(指代整个句子)