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高二英语Units 15-16 (B2) 学案,http://www.2xuewang.com
例如：
They stayed at a hotel standing by the lake. =They stayed at a hotel which stands by the lake.
他们住在临湖的一家旅馆.
（3）形式差异
从形式来看, 前置现在分词多为单个分词, 而后置现在分词多为短语. 换句话说, 若用现在分词作定语, 单个分词要前置, 分词短语要后置. 但也不是绝对如此, 要视情况而定. 要是强调动感即使是单个分词也应后置.
例如:
Look! The girl singing is Lily and the one dancing is Mary.
快看! 唱歌的女孩是莉莉, 跳舞的那个是玛丽
需要注意的是, 现在分词的完成式与被动式一般都不能用作前置定语, 只能作后置定语.
例如:
They must keep a secret of the things being discussed there.
他们必须为讨论过的那件事保密
【考点透视 考例精析】
[考点] 过去分词作状语，表时间、原因、条件、让步、方式、伴随情况等。过去分词前面可用when，once，although等连词。
[考例1] Sugar, when _______ with water, dissolves quickly.
A．mixed B．mixing C．mix D．s mixed
[点拨] 选A。mix 和sugar 是动宾关系，所以用过去分词作状语。
[考例2] It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when ________ at the meeting by the boss.
A．questioning B． having questioned
C．questioned D．to be questioned
[点拨] 选 C。question和它的逻辑主语 “I”之间是动宾关系，这里用过去分词作状语。
[考点] one 用作代词，代替表示单个的人或事物的名词；替代复数形式用ones。
[考例3] Cars do cause us some health problems—in fact far more serious ______ than mobile phones do.
A． one B．ones C．it D．those
[点拨] 选B。ones 替代前面的problems。
[拓展] one用作代词，代替可数名词；that用作代词，代替不可数名词。
[考例4] I’m going to the countryside because the air there is much fresher than _____ in the city.
A．ones B．one C．that D．those
[点拨] 选C。that 替代上文中的air。因为air 是不可数名词，不能用one替代。
[考点] practical 用作形容词, “实际的、实用的、可行的”的意思。
【基础演练】
一、根据所给首字母或括号中的汉语意思填写句子空格中所缺的单词。
1．Mother always ask me not to say any words to _______ (陌生人).
2．After a heated _______(讨论), we made a final decision.
3．We have ______ (相似) tastes in music and sports.
4．How can you ______ (表达) your feeling when facing such an situation?
5．______ (诚实) is the best policy.
6．Insects which eat crops are p_____.
7．This coat m______ the dress very well.
8．They went out in s______ of the lost boy.
9．A c_______ change takes place in any substance when it burns.
10．This toy is not s_______ for a 3-year-old boy.
二、单项填空
1．What ______me most was that my parents were so ______with my school grades.
A．disappointed; disappointed B．disappointed; disappointing
C．disappointed; disappointing C．disappointing; disappointed
2．The sight of this note ______me that I had to go to the store after school.
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，高二英语Units 15-16 (B2) 学案